Genera within a family

anax, = lord, king, applied to all the gods, especially to Apollo;
anaxuo, = to scrape off;
anaxein, = to polish;
-itas = indicates a concept or quality.
(shiny upper surface of the leaves)
(LS, Le, BL)

arctos, = a bear;
theca, = a chest, coffin, sepulchre.
(densely woolly fruit)
(LS, Le)

arktos, = a bear;
ous, -otis, = an ear.
(allusion unclear, possibly the appearance of the involucral bracts).
(LS, Le)

a-, an-, = denotes privative, negative;
a-, = without, not, -less, un-;
thanatos, = death.
athanatos, = not subject to death, undying, immortal
(referring to the persistent dry involucral bracts)
(Ox, LS, Le)

a-, = intensive (very much);
thrix, = the hair both of man and beast; sheep’s wool.
(the plants are extremely hairy)
(possibly from Greek, anther, or awn alluding to the fine awn-like tips of the involucral bracts)
(LS, Le, FC)

After Jan (Johannes) Le Francq van Berkhey (1729-1812),** Dutch botanist, biologist, lecturer in natural history at the University of Leyden 1773-1795, poet, and physician.
(Ch)

brachys, = short, few, little;
laena, = a lined upper garment, cloak, mantle.
chlainion, = a small cloak.
(involucre of bracts shorter than the florets)
(LS, ld, Le)

bryo, = to be full of anything, swell or teem with, (to cause to burst forth);
bruon, = moss;
morphē, = form, shape, figure.
[See Morpheus**]
(moss like habit)
(LS, Ox, PG, Le)

qurtun, = to paint.
(saffron dye extracted from C. tinctorius, 'safflower' or 'bastard saffron');
carthamus is a small genus of annual composite plants cultivated from Europe to China, the flowers of which yield red and yellow dyes, and as a drug.
(Le, Ox)

chrysos, = gold;
chrys-, chryso-, = golden-;
anthos, = a flower, the bloom of a flower;
-oides, = like, resembling, having the form or nature of.
(resembling characteristics of CHRYSANTHEMUM)

(LS, BL, Le)

chrysos, = gold;
chrys-, chryso-, = golden-;
come, = the hair; the foliage, leaves of trees.
coma, = the hair of the head.
(tuft of hair)
(terminal heads of golden hair)
(LS, BL, ld, Le)

cinis, cineris, = ashes;
-arius, = indicates connexion or possession.
cinerarius, = pertaining to ashes.
(leaf colour of first described species)
(ld, BL, Le)

konyza, = a fleabane.
(plant believed to drive away gnats - a flea-bane)
(LS, Le)

corymbos, = a cluster of the ivy flower; generally, a cluster of fruit or flowers;
-ius, = means ‘characteristic of’, hence indicates connection or resemblance.
(inflorescence is a corymb)
(LS, BL, Le)

cotule,= a small cup or vessel.
cotulis, = a small cup.
(small cup, anything hollow)
(LS, BL)

For the Rev. Sir John Cullum (1733-1785),** British botanist, geneologist, antiquarian and scholar, fellow of the Royal Society, and his brother Thomas Gery Cullum (1741-1831),** a medical practitioner and surgeon, member of the Royal and Linnaean Societies.
(Ch)

di-, = two;
dis, = twice, double;
-ceras, = horn, hornlike projection;
thamnos, = a bush, shrub.
(LS)

di-, = two;
dis-, = twice, double;
Delta, = a name for the islands formed at the mouths of large rivers, especially the Nile, so called from their shape;
delta, = triangle; (the fourth letter in the Greek alphabet ‘Δ’).
(bracts in two rows and are triangular in shape)
(LS, BL, Le)

di-, = two;
dis-, = twice, double;
morphe, = form, shape, figure;
[See Morpheus**]
thece, = a case to put anything in, a box, chest.
(two distinct types of fruit in the same species: ray florets have wings, 3-angled fruit and disc florets have flattened, 2-winged fruit)
(LS, Le)

dispar, = unlike, dissimilar, different, unequal;
-ago, = indicates resemblance or connection.
(different types of florets in each tiny capitulum)
(ld, BL, Le)

dolichos, = long;
thrix, = the hair both of man and beast; sheep’s wool.
(LS)

elytron, = a cover, covering. case, sheath;
pappos, = a grandfather; an old man.
pappus, = an old man; a grandfather; the wooly hairy seed of certain plants.
pappos, = the downy or feathery appendage on many fruits, especially Compositae, as thistles, dandilions etc., hence extended to the reduced calyx of Compositae generally, whether downy, bristly, scaly, toothed or membranous.
(apical tuft of hair or bristles or homologous appendages on fruits of Compositae; on a seed, such a tuft is termed 'coma')
(LS, ld, Ox, BL)

Probably for James W. Edmond (died 1815).**
(Ch)

erion, = wool;
cephale, = head;
-alis, -aris, = belonging or pertaining to, resembling, provided with.
(fruiting heads are woolly)
(LS, BL, Le)

eurus, = wide, broad, spacious;
ops (ώψ), = the eye, face, countenance.
(large flower head)
(LS, Le)

Either from Latin felix, happy,
or after Herr Felix who died in 1846.**
(Ch)

For Mariano Martinez Galinsoga (1766 - 1797).**
(Ch, K3)

gaza, = the royal treasure, riches. (a Persian word).
Usually reported as honouring Theodorus Gaza (1398-1478). **
(LS, Ch)

For Traugott Gerber (1710-1743), and his brother Fr. Gerber.**
(Ch)

For David de Gorter (1717-1783).**
(Ch)

gymnos, = naked, unclad, unarmed;
(naked, unclad, unarmed, stripped)
diskos, = a round plate, quoit.
(receptacle of flower head is nude)
(LS, BL, Le)

gymnos, = naked, unclad, unarmed;
(naked, unclad, unarmed, stripped)
stephos, = that which encircles, a crown, wreath.
(crown, wreath, garland)
(lack of pappus in the flowers)
(LS, BL, Le)

apalos, = soft, tender, gentle, delicate;
carphos, = any small dry body.
carpha, = scale.
(pappus soft)
OR
(h)aplos-, = simple, one-fold;
haplo-, = single;
carpos, = fruit.
(the pappus is uniserrate)
(LS, BL, Le, K3)

(h)elios, = the sun;
chrysos, = gold.
(only some species have yellow flowers)
(LS, Le)

(h)eteros, = other (than usual), different, of other kind;
(different, other, uneven)
lepis, = a scale, husk, shell.
(scale (of fish, snake), flake)
(bracts of various lengths)
(LS, BL, Le)

This was either the title of the Roman goddess Minerva/Athene** and others; or the name of some unknown botanist (W.P.U Taylor);
hippo, = horse;
-ius, = means 'characteristic of', hence indicates connexion or resemblance.
(Ch, Ox, BL)

hymen, = a skin, menbrane;
(thin skin, membrane)
lepis, = a scale, husk, shell.
(scale (of fish, snake), flake)
(involucral bracts)
(LS, BL, Le)

Greek name for 'succory' from
hypo, =, under, beneath;
choiros, = young pig.
(predeliction pigs have for the roots)
(Le, BL, LS)

INULA (q.v.);
-oides, = like, resembling, having the form or nature of.

(Ws, BL)

lachnē, = soft woolly hair, down, the soft nap or pile on cloth, sheep’s-wool;
sperma, = that which is sown, seed.
(LS, BL)

lactuca, = lettuce.
(from lac, = milk; the milky latex exuding from the plant when crushed)

(ld, Le)

For Herr Maire (1816).**
(K3)

meta, = backwards, reversely;
lasios, = shaggy with hair or wool, hairy.
(the leaves)
(LS, Le)

monos, = alone, only;
(alone, solitary)
oculus, = an eye.
monculus, = one-eyed.
(LS, BL, ld)

murios, = numberless, vast, endless;
vernus, = of or belonging to spring, spring-.
(vernal, pertaining to spring)
(LS, ld, BL)

nephros, = the kidneys;
thece, = a case to put anything in, a box, chest.
(LS)

For Georg Christian Oeder (1782 - 1791).**
(Ch)

oncos, = mass, bulk; in modern Greek, also tumour;
(swollen, puffed out, bulky)
siphon, = a tube.
(tube, pipe)
(base of the corolla tube which is much swollen)
(Ox, BL, LS, Le)

osmē, osma, = a smell, scent, odour, whether good or bad; a scent, perfume;
-opsis, = aspect, appearance, hence ‘resemblance’.
(resembling the genus OSMITES – now a non-existent genus)
(LS, BL, Le)

osteon, = a bone;
sperma, = that which is sown, seed.
(hard achenes)

(LS, Le)

othone, = a sheet, linen, cloth.
(Ancient Greek name, probably from othonne, linen, cloth; probably the soft texture of the leaves of some species)
(LS, Le)

phaino, =to bring to light, make to appear: to shew, to make clear or known, hence to lay bare, uncover, disclose;
come, = the hair; the foliage, leaves of trees.
coma, = the hair of the head.
(tuft of hair)
OR
phaino, = to shine;
come, = the hair; the foliage, leaves of trees.
coma, = tuft of hair.
(slight misnomer as the shiny bracts are not hairy, and the tomentose outer bracts and stem are not shiny)
[however, note that the new stems are in fact silvery-white and shiny and there are clearly terminal bristles on all the involucral bracts]
(LS, Ws, BL, Le, ga)

plecos, = anything twisted or plaited, wickerwork;
stachys, = ear of corn.
(in modern botany, ‘spike’)
(LS, BL)

polys, polle, poly, = (of number), many; (of size), heavy; (of value), much;
arrhen, = male.
(functionally male disc florets)
(LS, Le)

pseudo, = to be mistaken, be false;
(resembling but not equalling)
+ GNAPHALIUM.
gnapholon, = flock of wool; resemblance to downy plant used for stuffing cushions;
-ium, = ‘characteristic of’.
(resemblance to downy plant used for stuffing cushions)
(LS, Ox, BL, Le)

pteron, = a feather, wings;
-ius, = means ‘characteristic of’, hence indicates connection or resemblance.
(LS, BL)

pulex, = a flea;
-aria, = indicates a place where something is done – used for.
pulicarius, pulicaris, = of or belonging to fleas, producing fleas, flea-bearing.
pulicaria = a plant, called also psyllion.
(used to repel fleas)
(ld, BL, Le)

senex, = old, aged, advanced in years; an aged person, an old man, old woman;
-ius, = means ‘characteristic of’, hence indicates connexion or resemblance.
(whitish grey, hoary pappus)
(ld, BL, Le)

Seriphus, = A small and unimportant island, one of the Cyclades, now Seriphos.
seriph, = old French, obscure origin. One of the fine cross-strokes used at the top or bottom of a letter.
(BL, Ox)

sonchus, = the herb sow-thistle (Sonchus oleraceus) (Linnaeus), from Greek ‘sonchos’.
(ld, Le)

stoibe, = a stuffing, filling up; anything stuffed in.
(shrubby plant used for packing wine jars and making brooms)

(LS, Le)

syn-, = with, along with, together with, joined;
(together, with , joined)
carphos, = any dry particle, a dry stalk or chip; dry twigs, straws, bits of wool, such as birds make their nests of; husks or chaff.
(any small dry body, twigs, etc;possibly the bracts which unite into a tight cone shaped body upon ageing)
(LS, BL, Le)

tarichos, = anything preserved or embalmed;
anthos, = a flower, the bloom of a flower.
(possibly because of the camphorous odour of the leaves)
(LS, Le)

thameios, = crowded, close, thick;
-inus, = indicates material or colour, resemblance or possession.
phyllon, = a leaf.
(LS, BL)

Possibly for Johann Heinrich Ursinus of Regensburg (1608-1666).**
(Ch)

vellus, = wool shorn off, a fleece; wool, down; of light, fleecy clouds; of snow-flakes; of things made of wool, woollen bands or fillets;
phyton, = a plant, tree.
(ld, LS)

sur- = super-;
filum, = thread;
filare, = to thread.
(Surfle, is to embroider; to paint or wash (the face etc.) with a cosmetic = ‘purfle’:-
perfilare, =
(a) to purfle; to border; to decorate with an ornamental border;
(b) to give to leaves, flowers, etc. a border or edge of a particular kind; to ornament with such a border.
phelex,= deceiver, name of a wild-fig, which seems ripe when it is not.

Name origin not clear. (but Le adds description: ‘fruits with thread-like hairs, pappus of ray and disc florets similarly plumose’)
(Possible misspelling of Zephyr**, the mythological god of the West wind and lover of Flora)

(Ox, LS, Le, Cl)

alke, = bodily strength, force, prowess, power, might;
ope, ops, = ability, means, help, support, aid.
(LS, BL)

a-, = from (denoting source);
mella, = mead.
(Name given by Vergil to a similar blue daisy (the purple Italian star-wort, Aster amellus) that grew on the banks of the river Mella, in Upper Italy, near Brescia, now Mella)
(Ws, BL, Le, ld)

a-, an-, = denotes privative, negative;
a-, = without, not, -less, un-;
thrix, tricos, = the hair both of man and beast; sheep’s wool.
anthos, = a flower, the bloom of a flower.
(hairless corolla lobes)
(Ox, LS, Le)

capelio, = of the Cape.
(An anagram of Alciope)
(Le, Cl)

inula, = a plant.
(A plant so called by Pliny and other Roman writers; identified by midiaeval herbalists with Elecampane, a corruption of Enula compana; compana, probably meaning ‘of the fields’. Horse-heal, Inula helenium (Linnæus adopted helenium as the specific name), with very large yellow radiate flowers, and bitter aromatic leaves and root, used as a tonic and stimulant.)
(Ws, Ox)

nidor, = a vapour, steam, smell, from anything boiled, roasted, burned;
-ellus, = diminutive.
(ld, BL)

For Franz Pehr Oldenburg (1740-1774).**
(Ch)

thrix, = the hair both of man and beast; sheep’s wool;
trich-, tricho-, = hairy or hair-like;
gyne, = a woman, female;
(female or pertaining to female organs)
-gynous, = having female organs or pistils.
(with hairy ovary)
(LS, BL, Ox)

tri-, = three time, thrice;
-pterus, = winged.
(LS, BL)

crassus, = solid, thick, dense, fat, gross, etc.;
othone, = a sheet, linen, cloth.
(Ancient Greek name, probably from othonne, linen, cloth; probably the soft texture of the leaves of some species)
(ld, LS, Le)

curio, curiosus, = meaning perhaps alluding to its peculiar morphology.
curio, = (a humourously-formed word, corresp. with curiosus), wasted by sorrow, lean, emaciated
curiosus, = enquiring eagery about a thing, inquiring into; curious, inquisitive;
The genus Curio was named by P.V. Heath in 1997 to accommodate those species (about 15) with elongated, succulent leaves and of which the flowers are lacking ray florets.
curio, = an abbreviation of a ‘curiosity’ (Latin curiositatem from curiosus)
kureo, = to light upon, find by chance, hit upon, win.
(ld, PSA, Ox, LS)

For Manfed Dittrich (1934- ),** German botanist, specialist in the Asteraceae, and Director of the Herbarium of the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem.
(Ch)

Anagram of related genus Filago, which has a hairy pappus;
filum, fili-, = a thread;
-ago, = indicates resemblance or connection
(Le, Ws, BL)

For Salvador Soliva.**
(Ch)

symphero-, = to bring together, gather, collect;
symphyo-, = growing or grown together;
thrix, = the hair both of man and beast; sheep’s wool.
-thrix, -trichis, = hair.
(having its pappus hairs arranged in a coherent, basal ring)
(LS, Ox, BL, I7)

bis, bi-, = twice, twofold, having two-;
dens, dentis, = a tooth.
bidens, = with two prongs, points, etc.
(ld)

cirsion, κίρσίον, = a kind of thistle.
(ld)

eri, = early, at early morn;
erinos, = of or in the spring;
geron, = an old man.
(referring to the fluffy, white seed heads and to the flowers which occur in spring but wilt early and turn grey)
(LS, Cl)

gamo-, = united;
chaite, = long flowing hair; a horses mane; of trees coma, leaves, foliage.
(alluding to basally connate pappus bristles)

(BL, LS, BL, Cl)

helminths, = a parasitic worm;
thece, = a case to put anything in, a box, chest.
helminthothca, = worm case, describing fruit.
(Int, LS)

trogo, trogle, = a hole;
troglo-, = cave dwelling;
phyton, = plant, tree.
(preferred habitat)

(LS, Le)