sagina, = a stuffing, cramming, fattening, feeding, feasting; fatness, corpulence.
(fattening fodder; some species thought to have been used to fatten sheep)
(ld, Le)

sal, sale, = salt;
cornu, = a hard and generally crooked growth upon the head of many mammiferous animals.
(saline habitat and horn-shaped stems)
salicorne, = “glasswort”.
(Le, ld)

sal, = salt;
salio, salsus, = to salt dawn, to salt; salted, salt;
salsum, = brackish or salty place;
-olus, = diminutive.
(found on sea-coasts and salt-impregnated soils)
(habitat of the plant)
(ld, BL, Ox, Le)

For Terence Macleane Salter (1883-1969).**
(K3)

salvus, salve, = well, in good health, in good condition or circumstances;
salvia, = the herb sage;
-ium, = ‘characteristic of’, hence indicates connection or resemblance.
(healing or medicinal properties of some species)
(ld, BL, Le)

samōlus, = (Pliny) said to be a Celtic word; - A plant said to have been used in ancient Druidical ceremonies; adopted (by Linnaeus) as the name of a genus of plants belonging to the order Primulaceae.
samolus, = a plant, supposed to be the Anemone pulsatilla, but according to Sprengel, the Samolus valerandi; or brook-weed.
(Ox, ld)

sarkikos, = of flesh, fleshy, of the flesh;
sarc-, sarco-, = flesh-, fleshy;
cornu, = a hard and generally crooked growth upon the head of many mammiferous animals.
(appearance of the stems)
(LS, BL, ld, Le)

satyros, = satyr;
saturus, = satyr;
satyrion, = Greek name for an orchid with aphrodisiac properties
SATYRS;**
-ium, = means 'characteristic of', hence indicates connexion or resemblance.
(probably alludes to the two floral spurs, a unique feature of the genus)
(Ox, Co, BL)

scaber, scabrum, = rough, scurfy, scabrous; scabby, mangy, itchy;
(scabrous, i.e. rough or gritty to the touch on account of numerous minute projections)
-osus, = indicates abundance or full or marked development.
scabiosus, = rough, scurfy, scabby, mangy.
(distinctly scabrous)
(plants used as remedies for the ‘itch’?)
[scurf = flakes of dead skin, scales]
(apparently some species were used for relief from scabies)
(ld, BL, J, BB)

schinos, = the mastich tree; a squill.
(LS)

schiz, schizo, = to split, cleave;
(split, cleft, deeply divided)
-eus, = indicates material or colour or resemblance in quality.
(referring to the two-ranked spikes of sporangia)
(LS, BL, Le)

schiz, schizo, = to split, cleave;
(split, cleft, deeply divided)
-odium, = resembling, having the form or nature of.
(having a split appearance – refers to the bifid petals)
(LS, BL, Co)

schoinos, = a rush;
plektos, = plaited, twisted, twined.
(LS)

schoinos, = a rush;
xiphos, = sword.
(swordlike rush)
(LS, BL, Le)

schoinos, = a rush.
(LS)

scopelos, = a look-out place, a crag or headland; generally, a high rock, peak;
genos, = race, descent (as in 'I am of ... by descent'); kind, genus.
(preferred habitat)
(S. verruculata, grows among rocks in the mountains)
(LS, Le, Cl)

Apparently named for Paul Bigelow Sears (1891-1990).**

[The name 'karee' is rather loosely applied to several species of Searsia. It is a literal translation from the original Khoi name. The small rounded edible fruits give many species the names rosyntjiebos or - boom (raisin bush / -tree).]
(Ch)

For Albert Seba (1665-1736).**
(K3)

Derived from the Arabic name of Secamone aegyptica, “squamona”.
squama, = scale (of a fish, serpent);
-osus, = indicates abundance or full or marked development.
sqamosus, = full of or covered with scales, scaly, squamous.

(Le, ld, BL)

selago, = the club-moss resembling the savin-tree, Lycopodium selago;
(SELAGO (q.v.))
(a name for medicinally-used juniper)
(the small leaves give members of this genus a superficial resemblance to the club moss)
-inus, = indicates possession or likeness;
-ellus, = diminutive.
(ld, Le, M, BL)

selago, = the name Selago is derived from sel, which means ‘sight’ and the Celtic word jach, which means ‘salutory’, referring to the supposed medicinal properties of the genus.
selago, = the club-moss resembling the savin-tree, Lycopodium selago;
(An ancient name for the club moss, the small leaves give members of this genus a superficial resemblance to the club moss)
Ancient name for LYCOPODIUM (q.v.).
Linnaeus thought there to be a likeness between leaves of these taxa.
(PSA, ld, M, Le)

sema,= a sign, mark, token;
-atus, = indicates possession or likeness;
phyllon, = a leaf.
(the destinctive alar cells typically found on the leaf base)

(LS, BL, Cl)

senex, = old, aged, advanced in years; an aged person, an old man, old woman;
-ius, = means ‘characteristic of’, hence indicates connexion or resemblance.
(whitish grey, hoary pappus)
(ld, BL, Le)

Seriphus, = A small and unimportant island, one of the Cyclades, now Seriphos.
seriph, = old French, obscure origin. One of the fine cross-strokes used at the top or bottom of a letter.
(BL, Ox)

For Joseph (Josephus) Serrurier (1663 - 1742).**
(Ch)

saeta, seta, = a thick, stiff hair, a bristle; of the spiny leaves of coniferous trees;
(a bristle, bristle-like organ, as the fruit-stalk of a (sporophore) moss)
-arius, = indicates connexion or possession.
(referring to bristles surrounding spikelets)
(ld, BL, Le)

sideros, = iron;
xylon, = a stick or piece of wood.
(wood, timber, log)
(the hard wood)

(LS, BL, Le)

Σέίληνός, Silenus,** = the tutor and constant attendant of Bacchus; represented a baldhead, with short horns and a flat nose, as drunken, lascivious, and mounted on an ass.
sialon, = spittle, foam from the mouth, saliva, slaver.
(sticky secretion of stems which entrap small insects)
(ld, LS, Le)

siphon, = a reed, straw, any tube;
(tube, pipe)
codon, = a bell.
(shape of corolla tube)
(LS, BL, Le)

siphon, = a reed, straw, any tube;
(tube, pipe)
-ula, = diminutive.
(LS, BL)

skia, = a shadow, shade;
phyton, = a plant, tree.
(preferred habitat)
(LS, Le)

sol, = the sun;
-anus, = belonging to, connected with, pertaining to, used to form adjectives from nouns, particularly from geographical and personal names.
solanum, = a plant called also strychnos, nightshade.
(that deadly plant is a member of this genus).
Perhaps from solamen, soothing narcotic properties of some species.
(ld, BL, M, Le)

For Salvador Soliva.**
(Ch)

sonchus, = the herb sow-thistle (Sonchus oleraceus) (Linnaeus), from Greek ‘sonchos’.
(ld, Le)

For Otto W. Sonder (1812 - 1881);**
thamnos, = bush, shrub.
(Ch, LS)

soros, = a heap; a heap of corn; generally a heap, quantity, store: a heap or mound of earth;
(heap, mound)
cephale, = head;
-alis, -aris, = belonging or pertaining to, resembling, provided with.
(flowers are in clusters)
(LS, BL, Le)

soror, = a sister; the Muses; a female friend, playmate or companion;
vetus, = old; of long-standing, aged.

(ld)

sparasso, = to tear or rend in pieces, mangle; to rend, cleave, attack savagely.
(lacerated bracts)

(LS, Le)

For Anders Erikson Sparrmann (1748-1820).**
(Ch)

spatalos, = wanton, riotous.
(pollen-presenter which acts as a male organ at first)
(LS, Le)

sperma, = that which is sown, seed;
gua, = piece of land, field;
-ulus, = diminutive.
speiro, = to scatter like seed, fling, throw about.
(species wide distribution)
(LS, BL, Le)

sperma, = that which is sown, seed;
gua, = piece of land, field;
-ulus, = diminutive;
speiro, = to scatter like seed, fling, throw about;
-arius, = indicates connection or possession.
(resembles SPERGULA (q.v.))
(LS, BL, Le)

sphaera, =a ball, globe, sphere;
pteron, = a feather, wings.
(ld)

sphagnos, = a kind of moss.
(a Genus of mosses growing in boggy places, bog-moss, peat-moss)
sphagnos, = a spiny shrub, a kind of moss.
sphagis, = a knife.

(Ox, Int, LS)

spilos, = a stain, spot, blemish;
xen, xenos, = of a gander, goose; named from its wide bill.
xenos, = host.
(spotted base of floral parts in some species)
(LS, Le)

sporos, = a sowing; seed-time, seed, produce, a crop;
(seed, in modern botany, ‘spore’)
bolos, = a throw with dice.
(throwing; dropping of seed)

(LS, BL, Le)

For Martin Staaf, (1731 - 1788)**
(Ch)

For Johan Heinrich Julius Staberoh (1785 1857).**
(Ch)

stachys, = ear of corn.
(in modern botany, ‘spike’)
(a spike)

(LS, BL, Le)

stella, = a star;
-aria, = resembles, like.
stellaris, = of or belonging to a star, starry.
(stellate, starry, i.e. with narrow divisions radiating from a centre like the rays of a star)
(shape of the flower)
(ld, BL, Le)

stēnos, = narrow, straight;
taphros, = a ditch, trench.
(small cavities (pits) on the surfaces of the rachis)
(LS, Cl)

stilbo, = to shine, glitter, glisten.
(possibly referring to the silver-white flowers that appear to shine. The genus could also be named after the nymph Stilbe**; but ‘the allusion is not clear’.)
(LS, J)

stype, = tow (Old Eng.), the coarse part of flax or hemp;
stiphros, = close-pressed,: close, compact, solid, tough, stout;
agros, = a field, land.
agrostis, = a grass that mules feed on.
(LS)

stoibe, = a stuffing, filling up; anything stuffed in.
(shrubby plant used for packing wine jars and making brooms)

(LS, Le)

stroma, = anything spread out for lying or sitting upon: the bed and bedclothes, mattress, bedding;
struo, = pile up; to make by joining together; to build, erect, fabricate, make, form, construct;
struma, = a scrofulous tumor; struma;
strumus, = a plant that cures the struma;
struma, = a cushion-like swelling or tumor;
-aria, = relating to or possessing.

(LS, ld, BL)

strouthos, = any small bird, especially, a sparrow;
-ulus, = diminutive.
(possibly the seed resembles a small beak)
Struthion, = Soapwort – a plant called Fullers-Herb (1706).
(LS, BL, Le, Ox)

stylos, = a pillar, a post, pale, beam;
stilus, = a stake, pale; of the stem or stalk of many plants;
a-, = without, not, un-;
pteron, = feather, wings;
(style without wings, as opposed to Penaea, which has a winged style)
(LS, ld, Le)

For Johann Rudolf Suter (1766-1827).**
(Ch)

For James Sutherland (1639-1719).**
(Ch)

symphero-, = to bring together, gather, collect;
symphyo-, = growing or grown together;
gnoys, gignosko, = to know, understand.
genisis, = formation of some structure by union of previously separate parts.
(LS, Ox)

symphero-, = to bring together, gather, collect;
symphyo-, = growing or grown together;
thrix, = the hair both of man and beast; sheep’s wool.
-thrix, -trichis, = hair.
(having its pappus hairs arranged in a coherent, basal ring)
(LS, Ox, BL, I7)

syn-, = with, along with, together with, joined;
(together, with , joined)
carphos, = any dry particle, a dry stalk or chip; dry twigs, straws, bits of wool, such as birds make their nests of; husks or chaff.
(any small dry body, twigs, etc;possibly the bracts which unite into a tight cone shaped body upon ageing)
(LS, BL, Le)